What is my Disability???

Its 2.20a.m Nigerian time and I’m nodding my head to the awesome tunes of Luther Vandross, Cyndi Lauper, Patti Labelle, and Frank Sinatra…yea you heard right…am an old school freak going way back into the Sinatrasque era, I’m sipping my 3rd cup of ORGANOGOLD gourmet latte while updating my blog. Just got some amazing blogging tips from a great friend who’s a seasoned blogger herself…so I've been up all night 'pimping' my blog...check out the new features...take the latest poll, listen to my kinda music, just generally enjoy what i enjoy on a daily basis...if you love old school music like me, then do a search for this song on YouTube and just sit, tap your foot, and nod your head...Me and Mrs. Jones...(we got a thing goin' on)...by Billy Paul...damn! its pretty old but its crazy mehn! every time I listen to it I get goosebumps!

Anyways I’m yawning already so this is gonna be a really quick one (yea right! I always say that then end up writing an epistle, hehehe!) I talk too much I know, na only God fit save me..now back to the issue at hand, the thing is I can’t believe I haven’t mentioned what my disability is so far on this blog. Damn! Talk about old age…I totally forgot! Well thanks to 2 of my commentators abi na commenters (Elcy and Olori) who reminded me abourrit I’m pleased to announce that yours truly is a POLIO SURVIVOR. I suffered polio at age 3 and struggled with it through a couple of successful and unsuccessful surgeries and here I am today, still standing strong in spirit, though not so strong physically (a feather could lift me off my feet) but don’t be deceived, am physically strong in some other sturvs o *wink* (ok, hope y'all recognize that 'sturvs' is a joke...when I say it I'm akshuali mimicking our youthful youth of today who murder grammar both with spellings and pronunciations)

By way of educating y’all (which is the main purpose of this blog) here’s a simple definition of polio. Poliomyelitis is a communicable infectious disease caused by the polio virus of the genus Enterovirus. It causes inflammation of motor neurons of the spinal cord and brainstem, leading to paralysis, muscular atrophy, and often disability and deformity. It is also called polio. Childhood vaccinations are given to prevent infection. 

Note to the ignorant: For those who use the words ‘disabled’ and ‘deformed’ interchangeably, listen up!... they are NOT the same! So the next MUMU that refers to me as a deformed woman will have my palm imprinted permanently on their ignorant faces! That's not to say that persons with deformities deserve to be addressed in a rude manner either...its just absolutely important that people educate themselves on appropriate ways of addressing people to ensure stigma reduction.

My 'disability': To be honest, I was reliably informed that I was vaccinated against polio so even I am baffled as to how I gorrit, well e don happen, e don happen wetin pesin go do? My parents were educated, my mom was a nurse, all my brothers and sisters were vaccinated so how come the brightest, beautifulest, charmingest and of course sexiest one is the one that got polio?? I sense some winshry but no wahala sha. God dey! 

Anyway, so polio affected my left membrum inferios leading to weakness in the femur, tibia, patella and fibula…the gluteal region also is affected. Oh dear, pardon me pls.. I forgot not everyone is as prolific as I am at using big words…lol! In simple English, the polio affected my left leg and resulted in little or no muscular control. I hope I have succeeded in confusing y’all. 

Additional information: Obviously every disability has its attendant complications, in my own case, little or no muscular control meant less movement which led to sedentary lifestyle and which led to weight gain bordering on morbid obesity (I imagine people taking another look at my profile photo, hehehe...forget the seemingly slim facial shots, it spreads out as you go lower, lol) culminating in impaired mobility. Due to this mobility impairment, I have used mobility aids ranging from wheelchair to a cane most of my childhood and adult life (gist for another day).

Nevertheless in spite of everything, i have a sound mind and excellent spirit which even some 'able-bodied' persons can only dream about. So in essence...when I am asked 'what is your disability?' my polio-related response tells you why I walk with a limp, but the truth of the matter is that I am not disabled...I am 'diffferently-abled' lets face it...some of the stuff I can do, y'all can't do it...hehehe...




There..that was short and simple abi?? Now I’m off to bed abeg…when I no be bat abi vampire!

On a very serious note, thanks to all of you for reading me, giving me feedback and even telling pple about this blog…I have some serious gist for y’all in my next update (I don’t even know when that will be) but stay tuned sha..

Ciao…

Update...

Hi everyone, it’s been a rather hectic week since I launched the blog..been here and there - doing this and that…so tonight I find time to update my blog. One scary thing is the UN Building Bomb Blast that happened earlier today, meehn! that shit was scary! I was at the UN House at 11a.m. the previous day, and I was supposed to go back next day (Friday) to pick up a document, but my colleague at the UN called me later in the evening to say because its half day at the UN on Fridays the document wouldn't be ready because the person who would sign it was out-of-office...bla bla bla so it would be better if I came in for it on Monday, I got upset and kept raving and ranting, now in retrospect, I realize that, that delay may very well have saved my life. Wow! Thank God for His mercies. I lost friends and colleagues in that tragic incident though; I don’t understand why it happened I can only pray to God to grant the souls of all the departed peaceful rest, and full and quick recovery for the injured, Amen.

Like I said on facebook, men and women who work in the UN are humanitarian and chivalrous, their work brings succor and hope to the needy, and their lives didn’t need to end in such a senseless manner. They are heroes, nothing less. This beautiful song by Sarah McLaughlin and Josh Groban (in the arms of an angel) is dedicated to all our fallen heroes in the UN Building Bomb Blast…it was indeed a BLACK FRIDAY…

click here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZHrbjhwKik

One good thing though is that I’m feeling really good about this blog, I’ve had a lot of positive feedback so I’m encouraged to keep going…Not gonna write much today…just wanna share stuff that happened over the past few days that absolutely turned the waterworks on in me…2 separate incidences.. 

I have this facebook friend, let’s call her Eka, she lives in Germany, we’re really good friends, always supporting each other and advising each other and just generally being there for each other and because I don’t normally announce it on FB (gist for another day), she had no way of knowing that I have a disability.

So, I do this note about the disability bill and I tag her on it and for the first time she gets to know that her friend Duchess Irina is a PWD. So she calls me up almost immediately and asks me why I kept it from her, I explain to her that I didn't 'keep it from her', it just never came up in any of our conversations and I just didn’t see the need to bring it up as a separate discussion, because disability doesn’t and shouldn't define me, one shouldn’t have to introduce oneself as ‘hi, I’m Irene I have a disability’..she asks me what kind of disability I have and I explain…suddenly she breaks down and starts crying, apparently her 13 year old daughter has a physical disability too where one leg is considerably smaller and shorter than the other, she has broken the leg twice, so it is a good 2 sizes smaller in shoes and 5 inches shorter in length. Eka shared with me how as a mom, it tears her apart inside seeing her daughter wear shoes where one shoe leg fits snugly while the other leg has to be dragged along cos if she lifts the foot the shoe would fall off. This of course affects her movement and attracts taunts from other kids and made the little girl more conscious of her disability than necessary. And so my friend Eka resorted to swapping shoe sizes in the stores when she goes shopping cos she couldn’t bear to see her daughter suffer so much, i.e. when she buys a size 7 pair of shoes for instance, she would swap the right leg with a size 5 of similar shoes giving her a pair of shoes with sizes 5 and 7 and hope the checkout cashier doesn’t notice.

By the time Eka finished this story, I was also in tears cos memories come rushing back of how my late mom (God rest her sweet soul) would have done the exact same thing just to make me feel comfortable and ‘normal’. 

The 2nd incident happened a few weeks ago with my neighbor’s 6 year-old who is also a polio survivor, her daddy called me to help him convince her mom to let the kid go to school because she’s shielding her too much. Apparently the kid was being taunted in school and just the previous day at a children’s party she was dancing with the other kids and one of the bullies started mimicking her movements, she ignored him and that infuriated him so he pushed her down and called her cripple. Based on this she said she wouldn’t go to school anymore, while her mom was in support her dad was more matter-of-fact and wanted to take her back to school and lodge a complaint with the school authorities. The mom’s obstinate behavior was the reason he called me to intervene aside from the fact that I’m one of ‘his daughter’s kind’.

Well, I asked daddy to give the girl a break for that day and I took her home with me, bought her ice cream, played video games with her, she spent the entire day with me and kept asking all kinds of questions which made me cry because once more she reminded me of me. The most touching question she asked is, why doesn’t my daddy love me? Apparently she felt that by wanting to take her back to school (and possible taunting) her daddy didn’t love her…while trying hard to fight back my own tears, I explained to her how much both parents love her and the reason behind their different reactions/decisions. Suffice to say she went back to school and is doing her best to cope with bullies. This made me decide to dedicate a couple of blogging moments to discussing how children with disability can cope and the role of their family members in easing the experience.

For today however, I’m gonna end this by dropping a list of acceptable terminology for addressing persons with disabilities. I was truly shocked to learn that in this day and age people still use words like ‘cripple’ to refer to a person with a mobility impairment, much less used by a child to refer to a child. What are parents and schools teaching their wards these days? *bewildered and SMH*




Happy reading...see you around...




Appropriate Terminology...

When it comes to the issue of how to address persons with disabilities, we must realize that words hurt. Words carry power. A person can use a terrible word in a context that still shows that they respect the person and conversely use a first rate word and show no respect - so sometimes context is important.

Some would also argue that it depends on the preference of the Person with a Disability (PWD) on what they want to be called. I also go by the rule of letting the PWD take the lead in what they want to be called, however it is important to always use "people first" language - and this is NOT about PC, it is about using language to empower and dignify a human being. Politically correct means most often it has been accepted by people with disabilities themselves. Language is fluid and malleable - it changes.

The most politically correct and widely used term is 'disabled'. Most of the alternatives are considered inappropriate. There are some words, three especially, that have been rejected nearly universally - retardation and any derivative like retard, retarded; spastic and spaz; Cripple and crip. Just like the N word is used between peers - spaz and crip are used between close friends. However the word ‘retard’ is not used by anyone to describe themselves. 

Below are examples: 

1. Use "person with a disability" or "people with disabilities" person who uses a wheelchair (who is in a wheelchair) and NOT a "wheelchair person".

2. Use ‘’Person with developmental disability" (or intellectual disability) and NOT "mentally retarded". 

3. A blind person is either blind or visually impaired.

4. A D/deaf person is either deaf or hard of hearing.

5. A Deaf and blind person usually prefers the spelling Deaf-blind. 

6. A physically disabled person is physically disabled. In this context, it would be appropriate to use mobility impaired to signify the person's limitations. 

7. A wheelchair user is not wheelchair bound or confined to a wheelchair. You can either say that the person is a wheelchair user or you can identify them by their specific disability, e.g. Mr X has paraplegia. 

8. If a person is disabled due to chronic illness, ‘chronically ill’ is fine, or just disabled.

9. A person with a cognitive disability is just that- cognitively disabled.

10. A person with Autism is a person with Autism.

The word ‘handicapped’ is offensive to almost everyone as it implies that one is unable to do most things and this is not true of PWDs.

The idea of being ‘challenged’ emerged about 10 years ago and is condescending. People with disabilities are not challenged - you are challenged to play chess and one of you wins - disabilities you live with - you struggle - you face them head on - and there is no winning - there is only learning to accept and move onward. 

People who have cognitive disabilities have embraced the term self-advocates. This refers to the fact that they want to make their own decisions - they want others to stop making them for them. 

Some people who are autistic, blind, deaf, and a few other disabilities embrace their disability as a minority identity. They are not dismissing the fact that they are disabled - but they are dismissing it as a negative experience. I am autistic. I am deaf. I am blind. I am disabled. 

The most important thing is to make sure that one is sensitive in communicating with the disabled, when in doubt, just ask poilitely, ‘how would you like to be addressed?’

Useful links: 

Disability Language Style Guide: http://www.ncdj.org/styleguide.php

Disability Etiquette: http://www.nawcwd.navy.mil/hrd//disabili…

Mr President..Sign the Disability Bill NOW..

Published in THISDAY Newspaper

Saturday, August 20, 2011

The persistent rainfall worsens the typical hustle and bustle of the Monday morning commuter rush. Along comes Monsuru crawling as usual on his two hands, trying to avoid the puddles, his palms protected by a pair of old worn slippers; he is a polio survivor who has lost the use of his lower limbs and as such relies on his hands to move around.

He is a cobbler and has to get to his place of work very early in order not to miss seeing his customers who typically drop off shoes for him to fix during their own commute to work which they will pick up at the end of the work day. However, today, Monsuru is unable to get to his shop on time because it is an uphill task climbing into the bus, which is the only affordable means of transport for someone on his income level. He has to deal with a lot of pushing and shoving from other passengers all struggling to get a seat on the bus, especially on a wet morning. When he eventually manages to climb into a bus, he is faced with the glaring stigma of people avoiding the seat beside his and dusting themselves off because his body made contact with theirs.

This is the scenario faced by Monsuru and hundreds of other people with various forms of disabilities in their daily lives, which makes me wonder, perhaps if the DISABILITY Bill had been signed into law by Mr. President, then Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) wouldn’t have to put up with such degrading and denigrating circumstances because the Bill among other things, specifically makes provisions for safe, dignifying and affordable transportation for PWDs which would definitely cater for the needs of persons like Monsuru.

In recent discussions with several people, I have discovered that not many regular citizens know or care about the Disability Bill, which may partly explain why it does not feature in day to day discussions or have many people clamoring for its passage like other Bills.  

The Nigeria Disability Bill prescribes an Act to ensure the full integration of persons with disabilities into the society and to establish a National Commission for Persons with Disabilities and vest it with the responsibilities for their education, healthcare and the protection of their social, economic, civil and political rights, 2009 (HB 37 and 46).

The Bill seeks to address key issues around discrimination, safety, access to facilities, education, health, and standard of living as it affects PWDs. Some of the specific provisions of the Bill include the following:

1. No person with disability shall be discriminated against on the ground of his or her disability by any person or institution in any manner or circumstance whatsoever.
2. No public building shall be constructed without necessary accessibility aids such as lifts (where necessary), ramps to make them accessible to and usable by persons with disabilities including those on wheelchairs and the visually impaired;
3. Transport service providers shall make provisions for lifts, ramps and other accessibility aids to enhance the accessibility of their vehicles, parks and bus-stops to persons with disabilities including those on wheelchairs­. Before a person with disability boards or alights from a vehicle, the driver shall ensure that the vehicle completely pulls up.
4. Government shall take all appropriate measures to ensure the full developmentt advancement and empowerment of women and girls with disabilities for the purpose of guaranteeing them the exercise and enjoyment of all the rights and privileges p+ovided for in this Bill.
5. In all situations of risk, including situations of violence, emergencies and the occurrence of natural disasters government shall take all necessary steps to ensure the safety and protection of persons with disabilities taking cognizance of their peculiar vulnerability.

These and many more important and strategic clauses make up the disability Bill which further prescribes sanctions and punishment for contravention of its provisions.

If signed into law, such a Bill has the power to turn around the lives of PWDs in Nigeria from one of drudgery to one of hope, opportunities and fulfillment. One then wonders why there has been no political will since 2007 to turn the Bill into an Act. This gives the impression that the lives of PWD are of no value despite the fact that many of them have brought and continue to bring glory to this country through the Paralympics games, in the civil service, development sector and even in the entertainment industry. Many PWDs have risen to notable heights including being recipients of the prestigious Ford Foundation and other international fellowships and some have even been given National Honors. The President of the Joint National Association of Persons with Disabilities in Nigeria is a notable, accomplished blind lawyer. Looking beyond our shores, famous for her many achievements in life despite being both deaf and blind, Helen Keller has been a role model of achievement in the face of adversity.

The question then is this, why would a Bill aimed at improving the lives of a vulnerable yet progressive group of Nigerians be treated with levity? It is pertinent to note here that in 2006, Ghana drafted, passed and signed its disability act into law in record time spanning a total of 13 months; The Uganda Disability Act which has been operational for almost a decade, has seen the standard of living of PWDs in that country improve dramatically, among other key changes, more PWDs are found holding key public offices and their access to facilities has improved tremendously. Conversely, this year marks 12 years since the first agitations for a disability act started in Nigeria, yet we still don’t have one. Personally I expected Mr. President to have given a speedy assent to the Bill considering his background of deprivation which ought to come with a realization of the suffering of the masses, more so the disabled masses. He didn't have shoes while growing up, what about those who dont have legs?

In societies the world over, a framework within which disability could be viewed is generally divided into three main models – the moral, medical and social models. The moral and medical models of disability are grounded in the perspective that “disability resides in the individual and carries with it a degree of stigma or pathology” In contrast, the social model places the locus of disability in the environment that fails to appropriately accommodate and include people with disabilities (Olkin, 2002).

There is no gainsaying the fact that the country that improves the welfare of the disabled will ultimately improve itself and its economy. To many, this may sound like a contradiction, but the truth is that it isn’t. Government’s ‛ostrich’ or ‛do-nothing’ approach towards pressing issues in the country will not be accepted by the 19 million persons with disabilities in Nigeria. This administration must institute and institutionalize pro-active legislation geared at helping PWDs improve their circumstances. Only when government takes a pro-active stand will PWDs regain rights which they have lost simply by being or becoming disabled.

Permit me to appeal to the moral man/woman in all of us…if you have ever witnessed a blind man bump into a wall or parked car, witnessed a woman in a wheelchair refused entrance into the bank because the security doors are too small for her wheelchair or while attending a function has to be carried up the stairs alongside her wheelchair in an ungainly manner, if you have seen the exasperation of a deaf girl at an event where she would love to fully comprehend the proceedings or if you have just held the hand and looked into the eyes of a mentally impaired young boy …if you have ever witnessed any of these, but most of all if you are aware that you and your loved ones are not impregnable and can become disabled at any point in time due to any act, now is the time to rise up and join the struggle, now is the time to lend a voice to this cause…now is the time for you to stand and say with me, ‘Mr. President, give persons with disabilities an enhanced meaningful life, sign the disability Bill into law NOW’! This is more than a moral obligation; it is a social, economic and political compulsion.

As William Robb said… “It is better to be farsighted than myopic when it comes to the disabled”

This is my message….this is my passion… my name is Irene, I am a woman living with a disability…I am an advocate.

Welcome...

Hi there,

Welcome to the maiden edition of my blog Duchess discusses Disability. I hope you enjoy reading...

First, let’s take care of some housekeeping issues in the form of a few questions which I’m sure people will want answers to when they see this blog. 

1.      What is it about? It’s a blog where I’m going to be describing my experience as a woman with a disability; especially living in a ‘disability-unfriendly’ country like Nigeria. I’m going to be sharing deep stuff, silly stuff, funny stuff, ‘how-to’ guides, statistics, real life experience, legal/policy issues, etc. All mostly my take on the disability environment in the country, and comparing it to the situation in other countries of the world, so in essence this is going to be much like a self-styled ‘Diary of a passionate woman living with a disability’, please note that ‘passionate’ here refers to zeal/enthusiasm not the other kind of ‘passionate’, lol… and those of you who know me well can be sure that this blog will be incomplete without a healthy dose of HUMOR and SARCASM! I'm a music lover so I'll also be dropping some good (especially old school) jams here a lot!

2.      Blog Name: Everyone calls me Duchess so when I decided to start this blog I thought to myself, hey! why not make the Duchess-nickname into the Duchess-brand name, so here we are with a blog called Duchess Discusses Disability. However for the avoidance of doubt as to who I am, my real name(s) is/are (whichever suits you) Irene Ojiugo Patrick-Ogbogu.

3.      Vocabulary: Thirdly, don’t laugh, snigger or whatever when I use words like wanna, gonna , worreva, etc,… it’s the American in me trying to come out but I’ll try to keep her in check. I’m also prone to using exclamations like Kai! Chei! Eh! Damn! So bear that in mind too… Don’t fret! I also speak very good English and will do so when the need arises. I also use the word HOT to describe persons I think are really good-looking… That’s about it for ‘vocabs to expect’.

4.      Another thing is the WHY behind this blog. Well I must say that in Nigeria, the knowledge of needs, challenges and potentials of PWDs is really low even among the educated elite. By the way, wherever you see PWD it means Person with Disability, and WWD means woman with disability. As I was saying, I feel challenged seeing PWDs live unfulfilling lives and helplessly grappling with enormous challenges simply because we have an insensitive government and ignorant society. I have spent the last 17 years of my life in the non-profit sector advocating for human rights and better health and social conditions for vulnerable and marginalized groups. 2 years ago, I made the decision to use my knowledge, skills and experience as an advocate to bring better conditions to MY CONSTITUENCY…PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES. Through this blog, I will keep you all updated on my personal and professional endeavors and successes/challenges, it is my hope that by reading this blog, you will become a passionate ADVOCATE too, not because you ‘pity’ the PWDs but because it is the RIGHT thing to do and because of that one basic fact of life which I always tell everyone..it takes a split second for an able bodied person to become a person with a disability! 

A quote I particularly love sharing with people is this…the moment we stop fighting for each other, that’s the moment we lose our humanity.

5.      I know there’s one more housekeeping thing but I can’t remember now, damn!

OK with that out of the way I have decided to start my maiden edition by educating the public on MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH DISABILITY. I chose this because, for me its important that people understand certain basic things about disability which will equip them with the right mindset for a re-orientation and position them for action. In a world where everybody is fighting some kind of stereotype, people with disabilities are no exception. The difference is that barriers PWDs face begin with people's attitudes — attitudes often rooted in misinformation and misunderstandings about what it's like to live with a disability. So here goes… after each myth statement, the fact of the matter is stated. Happy reading…

6.      Oh yea… now I remember the last housekeeping issue: your comments are very welcome, in fact I’m begging for them, but… PLS PLS PLS no insults or stupidity…I don’t react well to those…try your best to be respectful and sensitive to everyone you interact with here...

DISABILITY MYTHS AND CORRESPONDING FACTS

Myth 1: Disability is a devastating personal tragedy. 

Fact: The lives of disabled people are not tragic. What often disables people is the attitudes they encounter and the environment in which they live and work. 

Myth 2: All persons who use wheelchairs are chronically ill or sickly.

Fact: The association between wheelchair use and illness may have evolved through hospitals using wheelchairs to transport sick people. A person may use a wheelchair for a variety of reasons, none of which may have anything to do with lingering illness.

Myth 3: Wheelchair use is confining; people who use wheelchairs are "wheelchair-bound."

Fact: A wheelchair, like a bicycle or an automobile, is a personal assistive device that enables someone to get around.

Myth 4: All persons with hearing disabilities can read lips.

Fact: Lip-reading skills vary among people who use them and are never entirely reliable. For clear and efficient communication many deaf people will need services such as sign language interpreters, lip readers, lip speakers and speech to text.

Myth 5: People who are blind acquire a "sixth sense." 

Fact: Although most people who are blind develop their remaining senses more fully, they do not have a "sixth sense."

Myth 6: People with disabilities are more comfortable with "their own kind."

Fact: In the past, grouping people with disabilities in separate schools and institutions reinforced this misconception. Today, many people with disabilities take advantage of new opportunities to join mainstream society.

Myth 7: Non-disabled people are obligated to "take care of" people with disabilities. 

Fact: Anyone may offer assistance, but most people with disabilities prefer to be responsible for themselves.

Myth 8: Curious children should never ask people about their disabilities.

Fact: Many children have a natural, uninhibited curiosity and may ask questions that some adults consider embarrassing. But scolding curious children may make them think having a disability is "wrong" or "bad." Most people with disabilities won't mind answering a child's question.

Myth 9: The lives of people with disabilities are totally different than the lives of people without disabilities.

Fact: People with disabilities go to school, get married, work, have families, do laundry, grocery shop, laugh, cry, pay taxes, get angry, have prejudices, vote, plan and dream like everyone else.

Myth 10: It is all right for people without disabilities to park in accessible parking spaces, if only for a few minutes.

Fact: Because accessible parking spaces are designed and situated to meet the needs of people who have disabilities, these spaces should only be used by people who need them.

Myth 11: Most people with disabilities cannot have sexual relationships. 

Fact: Anyone can have a sexual relationship by adapting the sexual activity. People with disabilities can have children naturally or through adoption. People with disabilities, like other people, are sexual beings.

Myth 12: People with disabilities always need help.

Fact: Many people with disabilities are independent and capable of giving help. If you would like to help someone with a disability, ask if he or she needs it before you act.

Myth 13: There are disabled people who are 'uneducable'.

Fact: Disabled people reflect the same range of academic ability as non-disabled people, with some achieving high qualifications and undertaking high level jobs.

Myth 14: There is nothing one person can do to help eliminate the barriers confronting people with disabilities. 

Fact: Everyone can contribute to change. You can help remove barriers by:

·         Understanding the need for accessible parking and leaving it for those who need it

·         Encouraging participation of people with disabilities in community activities by using accessible meeting and event sites

·         Understanding children's curiosity about disabilities and people who have them

·         Advocating a barrier-free environment

·         Speaking up when negative words or phrases are used about disability

·         Writing producers and editors a note of support when they portray someone with a disability as a "regular person" in the media

·   Accepting people with disabilities as individuals capable of the same needs and feelings as yourself, and hiring qualified disabled persons whenever possible